Smog check rules for a change of ownership
The seller gets the smog check before the sale and gives the buyer the inspection report. Cars four model years old or newer skip it, with the new owner paying a smog transfer fee, and transfers between immediate family members don’t need one.
Who needs the smog check
- Selling: the seller gets a smog check before the sale and gives the buyer a copy of the vehicle inspection report.
- Buying from a private seller: the car must have passed a smog check in the last 90 days.
- Buying from a dealer: the car must have passed a smog check in the past two years.
The four-year rule
Gasoline, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles four model years old or newer don’t need a smog check for a change of ownership. Instead, the new owner pays the DMV a smog transfer fee to transfer the title. There are no model year exceptions for diesel vehicles.
Some vehicles never need a smog check at all. See which cars are exempt.
Family transfers
Transferring a vehicle between immediate family members doesn’t require a smog check. But if a family member bought the car for you, a smog check is usually required.
For a family transfer, the DMV asks for the title plus a Statement of Facts (REG 256) or an affidavit, with the transfer fee.
How long the certificate lasts
The smog certificate goes to the DMV electronically and is good for 90 days.
In SmogScanner, pick change of ownership as the reason for the check, and the answer follows the four-year rule. Try it with a VIN. The DMV has the final word on any transfer.
Common questions
Who gets the smog check when a car is sold?
The seller, before the sale. The seller gives the buyer a copy of the vehicle inspection report.
Does a nearly new car need a smog check to be sold?
Not if it’s a gasoline, hybrid or alternative fuel vehicle four model years old or newer. The new owner pays a smog transfer fee instead. Diesels have no model year exception.
Do I need a smog check to give a car to a family member?
Not between immediate family members. The DMV asks for the title and a Statement of Facts (REG 256) or an affidavit, with the transfer fee.
How old can the smog check be when I buy from a private seller?
90 days. A car bought from a private seller must have passed within the last 90 days.
Related guides
In SmogScanner
Official sources
This guide is a summary. BAR, the DMV and CARB are the official sources, and the rules can change. Check the sources before you rely on it.